Pretest

1. Which factors explain the association between depression and obesity?

   Behavioural factors
   Psychological factors
   Social factors
   Biological factors
   All of the above

2. What are behavioural links between depression and obesity?

   A person with depression may adopt an unhealthy life style
   High calorie foods reduce symptoms of depression
   Individuals with depression have less will power, resulting in weight gain
   People with depression are prone to impulsivity, and make poor food choices
   

3. How does the use of medications to treat depression impact weight?

   There is no link between medication and weight gain
   Medications used to treat depression make people sleepy so they do not exercise
   Most medications used to treat depression cause weight loss
   A side effect of some medications to treat depression is weight gain
   

4. What is the monoamine hypothesis of depression?

   The use of drugs called monoamines to treat depression
   Depression results from a decrease in neurotransmitters in the brain
   Depression caused by damage to brain areas called monoamines
   Depression leading to weight gain because of a craving in monoamine rich foods
   

5. What do we think is the mechanism via which most antidepressants work?

   Increasing serotonin and dopamine and decreasing norepinephrine
   Increasing serotonin and epinephrine and decreasing dopamine
   Decreasing serotonin and increasing norepinephrine and dopamine
   Increasing dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine
   

6. What role does cortisol play in depression?

   Cortisol is a stress hormone and we need large amounts when depression to help treat symptoms of depression
   Cortisol is involved with weight issues but not depression
   Cortisol is elevated in those with depression
   Cortisol is deficient in those with depression and the antidepressants are designed to increase it
   

7. Approximately what percent of clients with obesity have binge eating disorder?

   10%
   Approximately 80%
   50%
   30%
   

8. What is a social link between obesity and depression?

   There is stigma associated with both conditions
   Eating is social so eating reduces depression
   People whom have obesity are typically happier and thus it protects against depression
   People with depression are not impacted by negative external attitudes. They have issues with problems with brain chemistry only
   

9. Biologically, how can obesity impact depression?

   Eating high fat foods helps with antidepressant absorption
   Obesity has been linked to inflammatory dysregulation, resulting in neuron cell death
   Antidepressants cause inflammation, causing weight gain
   Weight gain reduces inflammation, making antidepressants more effective
   

10. What is important to understand in the treatment of weight issues and depression?

    Do not talk about weight issues to someone with depression as it will make them feel worse
    Pick one area and treat it first, then address the other
    Encourage patients to engage in a healthy lifestyle to benefit their wellbeing as a whole
    Do not point out weight gain risks of antidepressants as it will lead to non-compliance
    

Please PRINT/PDF your test answers before you submit. Reflect on your areas of strength and weakness to guide your learning in this module.